【整理】Linux Socket网络编程_TCP编程(4)_C++与PythonSocket通信

原创文章，转载请注明： 转载自勤奋的小青蛙
本文链接地址: 【整理】Linux Socket网络编程_TCP编程(4)_C++与PythonSocket通信

由于工作中一些需求，需要完成C++与Python之间的Socket通信，基于自定义协议的通信。

环境：

Centos 6.5+gcc (GCC) 4.8.2+kernel 2.6.32+cmake version 2.8.12.2+Python 3.4.3（windows环境）

Bug修复请参考：

【经验分享】解决Python socket recv()数据为空

难点：

1:Python Socket Struct解析。

由于C++的Socket开发是基于自定义协议的，通信中加入了结构体，在Python中需要对socket通信中的结构体进行解析。Python中正好有struct模块，所以，可以借助该模块进行自定义协议的通信。

2:Python中自定义协议与服务器端协议统一

客户端协议的解析读取，发送等都要与服务端相同，不然势必无法正常按照协议进行通信。

代码如下：

服务端（基于C语言）：

socket_server.c:

#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "msg.h"

#define MAXCONNECTIONS 100
int sockfd;

void sig_handler(int signo) {
	if (signo == SIGINT) {
		printf("server close\n");
		close(sockfd);
		exit(1);
	}
}

/*输出连接上来的客户端的相关信息*/
void out_addr(struct sockaddr_in *clientaddr) {
	//将端口从网络字节序转换成主机字节序
	int port = ntohs(clientaddr->sin_port);
	char ip[16];
	memset(ip, 0, sizeof(ip));
	//将ip地址从网络字节序转换成点分十进制
	inet_ntop(AF_INET, &clientaddr->sin_addr.s_addr, ip, sizeof(ip));
	printf("client: %s(%d) connected\n", ip, port);
}

/*输出服务器端时间*/
void do_service(int fd) {
	/*和客户端进行读写操作(双向通信)*/
	char buff[1024];
	while (1)
	{
		memset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));
		printf("start read and write...\n");
		size_t size;
		//printf("sizeof buff is %d = \n", sizeof(buff));
		if ((size = read_msg(fd, buff, sizeof(buff))) < 0) {
			print("protocal error");
			break;
		}
		else if (size == 0) {
			break;
		}
		else {
			printf("Server Received = %s\n", buff);
			//printf("socket_server send size = %d \n", strlen(buff));
			//printf("socket_server fd = %d \n", fd);
			//printf("socket_server send size = %d \n", sizeof(buff));
			//printf("socket_server send size = %d \n", strlen(buff));
			if (write_msg(fd, buff, sizeof(buff)) < 0) {
				printf("errorno = %d", errno);
				if (errno == EPIPE) {
					break;
				}
				perror("protocal error");
			}
		}
	}
}

void out_fd(int fd) {
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	socklen_t len = sizeof(addr);
	//从fd中获取连接的客户端相关信息
	if (getpeername(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &len) < 0) {
		perror("getpeername error");
		return;
	}
	char ip[16];
	memset(ip, 0, sizeof(ip));
	int port = ntohs(addr.sin_port);
	inet_ntop(AF_INET, &addr.sin_addr.s_addr, ip, sizeof(ip));
	printf("%16s(%5d) closed!\n", ip, port);
}

void *th_fn(void *arg) {
	int fd = (int)arg;
	do_service(fd);
	out_fd(fd);
	close(fd);

	return (void *)0;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
	
	if (argc < 2) {
		printf("usage: %s #port\n", argv[0]);
		exit(1);
	}

	if (signal(SIGINT, sig_handler) == SIG_ERR) {
		perror("signal sigint error");
		exit(1);
	}

	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);

	/*步骤1:创建socket(套接字)*/
	sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

	/*步骤2:将socket和地址(包括ip,port)进行绑定*/
	struct sockaddr_in serveraddr;
	memset(&serveraddr, 0, sizeof(serveraddr));
	/*向地址中填入ip,port,internet地址簇类型*/
	serveraddr.sin_family = AF_INET; //ipv4
	serveraddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1])); //port
	serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; //接收所有网卡地址
	if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr)) < 0) {
		perror("bind error");
		exit(1);
	}

	/*步骤3:调用listen函数启动监听(指定port监听)
	通知系统去接受来自客户端的连接请求
	第二个参数:指定队列的长度*/
	if (listen(sockfd, MAXCONNECTIONS) < 0) {
		perror("listen error");
		exit(1);
	}

	/*步骤4:调用accept函数从队列中获得一个客户端的连接请求，
	并返回新的socket描述符*/
	struct sockaddr_in clientaddr;
	socklen_t clientaddr_len = sizeof(clientaddr);

	/*设置线程的分离属性*/
	pthread_attr_t attr;
	pthread_attr_init(&attr);
	pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);

	while (1)
	{
		int fd = accept(sockfd, NULL, NULL);
		if (fd < 0) {
			perror("accept error");
			continue;
		}
		/*步骤5:启动子线程去调用IO函数(read/write)和连接的客户端进行双向通信*/
		pthread_t th;
		int err;
		/*以分离状态启动子线程*/
		if ((err = pthread_create(&th, &attr, th_fn, (void *)fd)) != 0) {
			perror("pthread create error");
		}
		pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);
	}

	return 0;
}

msg.h:

#ifndef __MSG_H__
#define __MSG_H__
#include <sys/types.h>

typedef struct {
	//协议头部
	char head[13];
	char checknum; //校验码
	//协议体部
	char buff[1024]; //数据
} Msg;

/************************************************************************/
/* 发送一个基于自定义协议的message
 * 发送的数据存放在buff中*/
/************************************************************************/
extern int write_msg(int sockfd, char *buff, size_t len);

/************************************************************************/
/* 读取一个基于自定义协议的message
 * 读取的数据存放在buff中*/
/************************************************************************/
extern int read_msg(int sockfd, char *buff, size_t len);

#endif

msg.c:

#include "msg.h"
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

/*计算校验码*/
static unsigned char msg_check(Msg *message) {
	//unsigned char s = 0;
	int s = 0;
	int i;
	//printf("message head = %s \n", message->head);
	//printf("message buff = %s \n", message->buff);
	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(message->head); i++) {
		//printf("i1 = %c \n", message->head[i]);
		s = ((s + message->head[i]) % 255);
		//printf("i1 checknum = %d \n", s);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(message->buff); i++) {
		//printf("i2 = %c \n", message->buff[i]);
		s = ((s + message->buff[i]) % 255);
		//printf("i2 checknum = %d \n", s);
	}
	//printf("msg_check num is %d \n", s);
	return s;
}

/************************************************************************/
/* 发送一个基于自定义协议的message
 * 发送的数据存放在buff中*/
/************************************************************************/
int write_msg(int sockfd, char *buff, size_t len) {
	//printf("write_msg1 \n");
	Msg message;
	memset(&message, 0, sizeof(message));
	strcpy(message.head, "gmqh_sh_2016");
	memcpy(message.buff, buff, len);
	message.checknum = msg_check(&message);
	//printf("write_msg2 \n");
	if (write(sockfd, &message, sizeof(message)) != sizeof(message)) {
		return -1;
	}
}

/************************************************************************/
/* 读取一个基于自定义协议的message
 * 读取的数据存放在buff中*/
/************************************************************************/
int read_msg(int sockfd, char *buff, size_t len) {
	//printf("read_msg1 \n");
	Msg message;
	memset(&message, 0, sizeof(message));
	size_t size;
	//printf("read_msg1-1 \n");
	if ((size = read(sockfd, &message, sizeof(message))) < 0) {
		//printf("read_msg1-2 \n");
		return -1;
	}
	else if (size == 0) {
		return 0;
	}
	//printf("read_msg2 \n");
	//进行校验码验证,判断接收到message是否完整
	unsigned char s = msg_check(&message);
	//printf("read_msg message.head = %s \n", message.head);
	//printf("read_msg message.checknum = %d \n", message.checknum);
	//printf("read_msg message.buff = %s \n", message.buff);
	//printf("read_msg checknum cal = %d \n", s);
	if ((s == (unsigned char)message.checknum) && (!strcmp("gmqh_sh_2016", message.head))) {
		//printf("read_msg3 \n");
		memcpy(buff, message.buff, len);
		return sizeof(message);
	}
	//printf("read_msg4 \n");
	return -1;
}

CMakeLists.txt:

    cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
    #project name
    project(multi_thread_socket_demo)

	set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER "g++")

    #set compiler for c++ language
    set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++0x -lrt -lpthread -D_GLIBCXX_USE_NANOSLEEP")

    #source files(can add source files manually)
    #set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp ThostFtdcMdApi.h ThostFtdcTraderApi.h ThostFtdcUserApiDataType.h ThostFtdcUserApiStruct.h MdSpi.cpp MdSpi.h TdSpi.cpp TdSpi.h CTP_Manager.cpp CTP_Manager.h Login.h Order.cpp Order.h User.cpp User.h Utils.cpp Utils.h DBManager.h DBManager.cpp Trader.h Trader.cpp FutureAccount.h FutureAccount.cpp Strategy.h Strategy.cpp Algorithm.h Algorithm.cpp)

	#source directory(add source files automatically)
	aux_source_directory(. SOURCE_FILES)

	find_package(Threads)

	

    #set extern libraries
    #set(LIBRARIES libthostmduserapi.so libthosttraderapi.so libmongoclient.so libboost_thread.so libboost_system.so libboost_regex.so)

    #add execute file
    add_executable(multi-thread-socket-server ${SOURCE_FILES})

    #add link library
	target_link_libraries(multi-thread-socket-server ${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})

编译方式：

cmake .
make

客户端（基于Python语言）：

socket_client.py:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from collections import namedtuple
import socket
import sys
import struct

Message = namedtuple("Message", "head checknum buff")

# m = Message("gmqh", 0, "hello, world")

# 计算校验码
def msg_check(message):
    #将收到的head以及buff分别累加 % 255
    checknum = 0
    for i in message.head:
        # print("i1 = %c \n" % i)
        checknum = ((checknum + ord(i)) % 255)
        # print("i1 checknum = %d \n" % checknum)
    for i in message.buff:
        # print("i2 = %c \n" %i)
        checknum = ((checknum + ord(i)) % 255)
        # print("i2 checknum = %d \n" % checknum)
    return checknum

#发送数据
def write_msg(sockfd, buff):
    # print("send buff = ", buff)
    # print("send buff len = ", len(buff))
    # print("send buff = ", buff.encode())
    # print("send buff len = ", len(buff.encode()))
    #构造Message
    m = Message("gmqh_sh_2016", 0, buff)

    #数据发送前,将校验数据填入Message结构体
    checknum = msg_check(m)
    m = Message("gmqh_sh_2016", checknum, buff)

    # print("send m.buff = ", m.buff.encode())
    # print("send m.checknum = ", m.checknum)
    #打包数据(13位的head,1位校验码,不定长数据段)
    data = struct.pack(">13s1B" + str(len(m.buff.encode()) + 1) + "s", m.head.encode(), m.checknum, m.buff.encode());

    print("send data = ", data)
    #发送数据
    size = sockfd.send(data)

    # print(size)
    return size

#读取数据
def read_msg(sockfd):
    try:
        #接收数据1038个字节(与服务器端统一:13位head+1位checknum+1024数据段)
        data = sockfd.recv(1038)
    except socket.error as e:
        print(e)
    #解包数据
    head, checknum, buff = struct.unpack(">13s1B"+ str(len(data) - 14) +"s", data)
    # print(head, checknum, buff, '\n')
    #将解包的数据封装为Message结构体
    m = Message(head.decode().split('\x00')[0], checknum, buff.decode())
    tmp_checknum = msg_check(m)
    m = Message(head.decode().split('\x00')[0], tmp_checknum, buff.decode())

    #将收到的标志位与收到数据重新计算的标志位进行对比+head内容对比
    if ((m.checknum == checknum) and (m.head == "gmqh_sh_2016")):
        #打印接收到的数据
        print("receive data = ", m.buff)
        return 1
    else:
        return -1

if __name__ == '__main__':
    #创建socket套接字
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    if s:
        # 连接服务器: IP,port
        try:
            #进行与服务端的连接(ip地址根据实际情况进行更改)
            s.connect(("192.168.1.12", 8888))
        except socket.error as e:
            print("socket error", e)
            sys.exit(1)

        #输入提示符
        prompt = b'->'
        while True:
            buff = input(prompt)
            if buff == "":
                continue
            #发送数据
            if (write_msg(s, buff) < 0):
                print("write msg error")
                continue
            else:
                #接收数据
                if (read_msg(s) < 0):
                    print("read msg error")
                    continue
            pass

        s.close()
    else:
        print("socket error")

运行效果：

QQ截图20160901213223

原创文章，转载请注明： 转载自勤奋的小青蛙
本文链接地址: 【整理】Linux Socket网络编程_TCP编程(4)_C++与PythonSocket通信

文章的脚注信息由WordPress的wp-posturl插件自动生成



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发布日期：2016年09月01日  所属分类：c/c++

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